Tuesday, August 25, 2020

This Whole System is wrong Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

This Whole System isn't right - Case Study Example Any businesses or associations that damage those measures are in danger of being rebuffed seriously through the forcing of approvals and other reformatory measures. These approvals may prompt the blacklist of our items and thus a decrease in gainfulness. Aside from the danger presented by sanctions, you know that our organization has manufactured a decent name for itself due to its quality items and great advertising. The issue of poor working conditions in our manufacturing plants in China may very well wreckage up our notoriety and put us at loggerheads with governments and clients. I accept this is a value that would be unreasonably high for the organization to pay, considering we can initiate changes in those production lines and improve it for laborers there. Simultaneously, I might want to request a second glance at the periods of a portion of the laborers in those industrial facilities. Youngster work is unlawful, and the work of underage specialists might be unfavorable to our desires for development and long haul plans. I trust in your capacity to make the correct call since you have substantiated yourself as a capable, visionary and logical pioneer. Let us attempt to offset our desire with our strategies, in light of the fact that occasionally the end doesn't for the most part legitimize the

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Comparison and contrast essay Anchorage,Alaska and Key West Florida

Examination and complexity Anchorage,Alaska and Key West Florida - Essay Example Maybe. Key West, Florida and Anchorage, Alaska might be a great many miles separated geologically and socially, however here and there, they are for all intents and purposes nearby neighbors. The main striking distinction between these two urban communities is clearly topography and atmosphere. Key West is the westernmost island of the archipelago known as The Florida Keys. Closeness to the Tropic of Capricorn and the warm flows of the Caribbean Sea give Key West a moderate normal temperature of 82oF. Add to this a yearly precipitation of about 40 inches for every year and you have a wonderful atmosphere fit for supporting a large group of fascinating vegetation while giving numerous long periods of radiant climate to appreciate the waters encompassing the island. Obviously, any city that has assumed the title of â€Å"Southernmost City in America† would be wise to have a lot of warm climate and daylight to back up their case. Harbor, while not the northernmost city in America is an extraordinary arrangement not quite the same as Key West. One has no compelling reason to look past the crude numbers to see that two progressively various urban areas couldn't be found in America with respect to geology and atmosphere. Safe haven brags and normal yearly temperature of 35oF with a normal yearly precipitation of only 16 inches (the vast majority of it of the solidified variety)(Hoare, 2008). Despite the fact that late spring days can venture into the mid 70’s, summer and winter climate is erratic in Anchorage. 40oF swings in temperature have been known to happen inside the space of a few hours. Port appreciates long summer days because of its high scope, yet the subarctic atmosphere encompassing the city prevents a great many people from spending those mid year days swimming in the freezing waterfront waters close by. An extra geographic component that makes Anchorage vastly different that Key West is the close by nearness of dynamic volcanoes. Intermittent debris collection from these volcanoes represents a slight

Monday, August 10, 2020

Brainstorming Ideas for Writing Proven Strategies

Brainstorming Ideas for Writing Proven Strategies Brainstorming for Generating Ideas for Writing an Essay You have been given a prompt but have problems in essay writing and looking for ideas? Writers may often experience a shortage of writing ideas or have no ideas at all to start writing. If you lack ideas for your essay, you may try these proven brainstorming strategies to generate new ideas for narrative writing or organize your creative ideas for writing. One of the most important things you should remember about writing is that it is a process. You can hardly find few people who can write their essay from the top of the first page to the last page and do not stop until they finish it. The first step in writing essay is generating your thoughts and ideas for writing, which is also known as a prewriting. How to get ideas for writing? There are many ways to develop and organize ideas for an essay. Brainstorming is a very popular technique that is familiar to most people. You should make a list of potential ideas on your topic and make it as large as possible. Brainstorming ideas for essay writing can be done in groups, with the entire class or every student can do it on their own. You should not write in complete sentences or worry about grammar and spelling, but think about ideas no matter how crazy or silly they may seem at first. Freewriting is a strategy similar to brainstorming but you should write in sentences and paragraphs without stopping. You should not mind grammar or spelling but just put on paper every thought you have on the subject. The main sense of this activity is never to stop writing for a certain period of time (15-20 minutes). Journalistic questions represent a more structural way to approach a topic. When you are given the topic of your essay, you should ask questions starting with the question words: who, what, when, where, how, and why. This activity can also be done in class individually or in groups. Cluster mapping or idea webbing is a perfect way to show certain relationships between different ideas. You should write the topic of your essay in the center, draw a circle around it, and draw several lines extending from the circle. At the end of the lines, you should write any ideas that come into your mind that are related to your topic. Add some ideas that come from subtopics. Do it until you feel you have enough ideas and details for your paper or for asking a research question. But generally speaking, each of the subtopics can be a paragraph in your essay with examples and the details to support the idea. Flow charting is similar to idea webbing but it is the most effective when you examine cause and effect relationships. Double/Triple entry is useful when you compare and contrast two or three essay topics or when you explore two or three separate areas of one topic. You should divide your paper into two or three columns and each should have a special topic focused on the idea. Cubing gives you an opportunity to think about your topic from six different sides. You should describe your topic and then compare, associate, analyze, apply it, and argue against and for it. Doing research is useful when all else fails. You can use online sources or visit the library reference areas. These prewriting methods give students necessary tools and foundation for successful essay writing. Creative Brainstorming Ideas for Elementary School Writing Creative writing activities in elementary school teach students to express themselves and allow them to demonstrate strong vocabulary skills and have a good practice in grammar and sentence structure. But not all children like writing and some children don’t mind writing but find it challenging to start or come up with interesting ideas. So it’s vital at the beginning of the writing process to encourage brainstorming and ensure that the children have enough time to be creative. Brainstorming ideas for writing encourages kids to think creatively but students need guidance during this tricky process and not the assignment to come up with a complete list of ideas. Teachers have to model the process of brainstorming ideas for writing essays for their students and show the students what exactly they have to do. The students should be encouraged to be creative and use colors, shapes, and lines to write their ideas and group them together. Teachers should offer graphic organizers and creative writing tools to collect and organize ideas and support the brainstorming process. Writing process is time-consuming and writing skills require practice. If you struggle with your writing and face problems at any stage of the writing process, you can get qualified writing help with any assignment at our custom writing services. Our professional writers have necessary experience and skills to craft a strong model paper on any topic that can serve as a practical tool to hone your own writing skills.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

The Epidemic Of Smallpox Vaccine - 943 Words

In the 21th century we live our lives day to day seeing the next medicine breakthrough. It is easy for us to assume that’s how the history of medicine has always been. On the contrary, medicine became positively modern in the 19th century, new inventions were introduced, new discoveries were brought to their attention, remedies was in the spotlight, and the start of women’s professions generated. Vaccines are the most successful strategies in medicine to prevent and even eliminate the most gruesome and contagious diseases. For centuries, smallpox traumatized the human race. Today, smallpox is not something we automatically think of when somebody gets a rash or have the chills, thanks to Edward Jenner. The first successful smallpox vaccine was introduced by Jenner in 1796. Although, Jenner’s portrayed the first scientific attempt to control this deadly disease, later in the 19th century it was perceived that the vaccination did not grant immunity for the rest a vi ctim s life. As the 19th century came to an end, the smallpox vaccine became more advanced and more depended on. Scientist Louis Pasteur amazed the French Academy of Medicine when he prevented two boys from contracting rabies. Once a person was to get rabies, the symptom was death. A 15-year-old, Jean-Baptiste, was bitten several times while conflicting with a rabid dog. Three days following to the dog attack, Pasteur and his colleagues injected Jean 13 times over 10 days with rabid rabbits’ nerve tissue that hadShow MoreRelatedThe Epidemic Of Smallpox And Vaccines1327 Words   |  6 PagesWhen a vaccine is given, the human body produces antibodies against the foreign substance, thus creating a defense mechanism for immunity to occur. A vaccine is defined as â€Å"any preparation used as a preventive inoculation to confer immunity against a specific disease, usually employing an innocuous form of the disease agent, as killed or weakened bacteria or viruses, to stimulate ant ibody production† (dictionary.com). The epidemic of smallpox is one of the most groundbreaking moments in medical historyRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Smallpox And Vaccines1327 Words   |  6 PagesWhen a vaccine is given, the human body produces antibodies against the foreign substance, thus creating a defense mechanism for immunity to occur. A vaccine is defined as â€Å"any preparation used as a preventive inoculation to confer immunity against a specific disease, usually employing an innocuous form of the disease agent, as killed or weakened bacteria or viruses, to stimulate antibody production† (dictionary.com). The epidemic of smallpox is one of the most groundbreaking moments in medical historyRead MoreThe Epidemic Of The Smallpox Vaccine1085 Words   |  5 Pageseliminated in a region. (Carter n.d.) Only one infectious disease to date, smallpox, has been categorized as eradicated worldwide (CDC 2010). How did this eradication occur? From 1958 to 1965 all fifty stat es enacted legislation mandating school age children receive the smallpox vaccine (College of Philadelphia). Consequently, by 1971, no smallpox cases had been reported in the United States for 20 years. The last known smallpox case in the world was in Somalia in 1977 (CDC 2010). Even though smallRead MoreThe Wonders of Smallpox1437 Words   |  6 PagesThe Wonders of Smallpox There are several epidemics in the world, but the one that stands out the most and has a large affect on people is smallpox. An epidemic is a widespread occurrence of and infectious disease in a community at a particular time. There are several epidemics and lots of them are very dangerous and can lead to very severe sickness or even death. For example there are more diseases that land in the epidemic â€Å"family† such as HIV, AIDS, Herpes, and Gonorrhea just to give you an ideaRead More Vaccination: A Necessary Precaution Essay1100 Words   |  5 Pagesimmunization is one of the most significant advances in scientific history that has led to the prevention of countless diseases and epidemics throughout the world. Still, despite the overall improvement of public health, the usage of vaccinations remains a controversial concern that is constantly challenged. Vaccination critics argue that the serious side effects associated with vaccines have been underreported, underfunde d, and rarely researched. This, however, is false. Vaccinations are a necessary partRead MoreThe Importance Of Compulsory Vaccination836 Words   |  4 Pages11 (1905)). This case was Jacobson v. Massachusetts. During this time period, there was a recurring threat of a smallpox epidemic (Mariner, Annas, Glantz 2005). In order to prevent the spread of the disease, the state of Massachusetts enacted a statute that granted city boards of health the power to require vaccinations to be administered to all adults and children due to the smallpox surge in Cambridge (Mariner et al. 2005). However, Henning Jacobson refused the vaccination for himself and hisRead MoreDuring the twentieth century, more than 300 million deaths worldwide were due to smallpox, however,1300 Words   |  6 Pages During the twentieth century, more than 300 million deaths worldwide were due to smallpox, however, in 1980 after a global collaboration led by the World Health Organization, the first infectious disease to be eradicated was smallpox. On the other hand, during the 20th century tuberculosis which was once thought to have been declining in developed countries, is now according to WHO (2013) second only to HIV/AIDS as the greatest killer worldwide. This disease has been estimated by The World HealthRead More Vaccination: A Necessary Precaution Essay1525 Words   |  7 Pagesimmunization is one of the most significant advances in scientific history that has led to the prevention of countless diseases and epidemics throughout the world. Still, despite the overall improvement of public health, the usage of vaccinations remains a controversial concern that is constantly challenged. Vaccination critics argue that the serious side effects associated with vaccines have been underreported, u nderfunded, and rarely researched. This, however, is false. Vaccinations are a necessary partRead MoreVaccination : Is It Worth A Shot? Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesillnesses to spread from one person to another. Vaccines are inactivated or attenuated viruses that helps the body develop a strong immunity against detrimental diseases. It helps strengthens the population’s health and prevent them from having illnesses. Despite these advantageous benefits of vaccination, there is still an immense and great ongoing debate as to whether vaccinations should be optional or mandatory. Although others believe that vaccines should not be non-obligatory, it is safer andRead MoreThe History of Smallpox and How It Became Eradicated Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesSmallpox is an ancient and very deadly disease. Scientists think that smallpox first started around 10,000 B.C. in Africa. They also think that it spread from Africa to India by Egyptian merchants. Scientists have studied th e mummy of the Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses V., who died in 1156 B.C., and they think that he had smallpox. Smallpox was also known to be in China in 1122 B.C. There are also writings from India around that same time that mention smallpox. Smallpox is the only disease to ever be eradicated

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

History of Ecuadors San Francisco De Quito

The city of San Francisco de Quito (generally simply called Quito) is the capital of Ecuador and the second-largest city in the nation after Guayaquil. It is centrally located on a plateau high in the Andes Mountains. The city has a long and interesting history dating from pre-Colombian times to the present. Pre-Colombian Quito Quito occupies a temperate, fertile plateau high (9,300 feet/2,800 meters above sea level) in the Andes Mountains. It has a good climate and has been occupied by people for a long time. The first settlers were the Quitu people: they were eventually subjugated by the Caras culture. Sometime in the fifteenth century, the city and region were conquered by the mighty Inca Empire, based out of Cuzco to the south. Quito prospered under the Inca and soon became the second most important city in the Empire. The Inca Civil War Quito was plunged into civil war sometime around 1526. Inca ruler Huayna Capac died (possibly of smallpox) and two of his many sons, Atahualpa and Huà ¡scar, began to fight over his empire. Atahualpa had the support of Quito, whereas Huà ¡scars power base was in Cuzco. More importantly for Atahualpa, he had the support of three powerful Inca generals: Quisquis, Chalcuchima, and Rumià ±ahui. Atahualpa prevailed in 1532 after his forces routed Huà ¡scars at the gates of Cuzco. Huà ¡scar was captured and would later be executed on Atahualpas orders. The Conquest of Quito In 1532 Spanish conquistadors under Francisco Pizarro arrived and took Atahualpa captive. Atahualpa was executed in 1533, which turned as-yet unconquered Quito against the Spanish invaders, as Atahualpa was still much beloved there. Two different expeditions of conquest converged on Quito in 1534, led by Pedro de Alvarado and Sebastià ¡n de Benalcà ¡zar respectively. The people of Quito were tough warriors and fought the Spanish every step of the way, most notably at the Battle of Teocajas. Benalcà ¡zar arrived first only to find that Quito had been razed by general Rumià ±ahui to spite the Spanish. Benalcà ¡zar was one of 204 Spaniards to formally establish Quito as a Spanish city on December 6, 1534, a date which is still celebrated in Quito. Quito During the Colonial Era Quito prospered during the colonial era. Several religious orders including the Franciscans, Jesuits, and Augustinians arrived and built elaborate churches and convents. The city became a center for Spanish colonial administration. In 1563 it became a Real Audiencia under the supervision of the Spanish Viceroy in Lima: this meant that there were judges in Quito who could rule on legal proceedings. Later, administration of Quito would pass to the Viceroyalty of New Granada in present-day Colombia. The Quito School of Art During the Colonial era, Quito became know for the high-quality religious art produced by the artists who lived there. Under the tutelage of Franciscan Jodoco Ricke, the Quitan students began producing high-quality works of art and sculpture in the 1550’s: the â€Å"Quito School of Art† would eventually acquire very specific and unique characteristics. Quito art is characterized by syncretism: that is, a mixture of Christian and native themes. Some paintings feature Christian figures in Andean scenery or following local traditions: a famous painting in Quito’s cathedral features Jesus and his disciples eating guinea pig (a traditional Andean food) at the last supper. The August 10 Movement In 1808, Napoleon invaded Spain, captured the King and put his own brother on the throne. Spain was thrown into turmoil: a competing Spanish government was set up and the country was at war with itself. Upon hearing the news, a group of concerned citizens in Quito staged a rebellion on August 10, 1809: they took control of the city and informed the Spanish colonial officials that they would rule Quito independently until such a time as the King of Spain were restored. The Viceroy in Peru responded by sending an army to quash the rebellion: the August 10 conspirators were thrown in a dungeon. On August 2, 1810, the people of Quito tried to break them out: the Spanish repelled the attack and massacred the conspirators in custody. This gruesome episode would help keep Quito mostly on the sidelines of the struggle for independence in northern South America. Quito was finally liberated from the Spanish on May 24, 1822, at the Battle of Pichincha: among the heroes of the battle were Field Marshal Antonio Josà © de Sucre and local heroine Manuela Sà ¡enz. The Republican Era After independence, Ecuador was at first part of the Republic of Gran Colombia: the republic fell apart in 1830 and Ecuador became an independent nation under first President Juan Josà © Flores. Quito continued to flourish, although it remained a relatively small, sleepy provincial town. The greatest conflicts of the time were between liberals and conservatives. In a nutshell, conservatives preferred a strong central government, limited voting rights (only wealthy men of European descent) and a strong connection between church and state. Liberals were just the opposite: they preferred stronger regional governments, universal (or at least expanded) suffrage and no connection whatsoever between church and state. This conflict often turned bloody: conservative president Gabriel Garcà ­a Moreno (1875) and liberal ex-president Eloy Alfaro (1912) were both assassinated in Quito. The Modern Era of Quito Quito has continued to slowly grow and has evolved from a tranquil provincial capital to a modern metropolis. It has experienced occasional unrest, such as during the turbulent presidencies of Josà © Marà ­a Velasco Ibarra (five administrations between 1934 and 1972). In recent years, the people of Quito have occasionally taken to the streets to successfully oust unpopular presidents such as Abdalà ¡ Bucaram (1997) Jamil Mahuad (2000) and Là ºcio Gutià ©rrez (2005). These protests were peaceful for the most part and Quito, unlike many other Latin American cities, has not seen violent civil unrest in some time. Quito’s Historic Center Perhaps because it spent so many centuries as a quiet provincial town, Quitos old colonial center is particularly well-preserved. It was one of UNESCOS first World Heritage sites in 1978. Colonial churches stand side-by-side with elegant Republican homes on airy squares. Quito has invested a great deal recently in restoring what locals call el centro historico and the results are impressive. Elegant theatres such as the Teatro Sucre and Teatro Mà ©xico are open and show concerts, plays and even the occasional opera. A special squad of tourism police is detailed to the old town and tours of old Quito are becoming very popular. Restaurants and hotels are flourishing in the historic city center. Sources: Hemming, John. The Conquest of the Inca London: Pan Books, 2004 (original 1970). Various Authors. Historia del Ecuador. Barcelona: Lexus Editores, S.A. 2010

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Maids Taking over the Role of Parents Free Essays

Maids are taking over the role of parents? AS a parent, I read with interest how many busy parents â€Å"outsource† their work in raising their kids to their maids at home. (â€Å"Maids are taking over parenting role† – NST, May 10). In many homes these days, both parents work to pay the bills. We will write a custom essay sample on Maids Taking over the Role of Parents or any similar topic only for you Order Now But a better income does not mean a better quality of life for the family at home. Children would rather spend more time with their parents than be given money or presents as substitutes for parental attention. I believe children’s behavior is the product of their environment. If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn. If they live with tolerance, they learn to be patient. If children learn about sharing, they learn to be generous. If children live with praise, they learn to appreciate. Child minders are not good role models for our young kids to follow as their norms and values may not be suited to local conditions. I may not be a very good person, I have fights with my maid like, every single day, every single time. she’s so annoying sometimes. And when she screams, we couldn’t compare the difference between a pontianak and my maid. I mean, aren’t you afraid of indonesian maids? To me, they’re scary. Like, literally scary. So, never tie a string with a maid, tie a rope with your parents. Wow, that might be the best idiom ever. Or is it? Score gila siallll. Stay-in Maids have taken the role of parents (Government Team’s points. ) – Maids are always at home. – Maids know the children better (personality, behavior) – Maids are always available when the children need help. – Maids care for the children. – Parents are too dependent on maids. *For example: A parent sends his/her child to school, and the parent wants to know how his/her child behaves in school. So the parent asks the teacher about his/her child’s behavior. Just because the teacher spends more time with the child in school doesn’t mean the teacher is the parent of the child who knows the child more. Tell me, worthy opponents. Why is this so? High-achievers: -Some parents want their child to be high-achievers when they grow up. Therefore, they send their child to piano classes, tae kwon do classes, tuition, art classes and much, much more. The maid does not have time for the child because the child is very busy with the daily classes. Tell me, worthy opponents. How to cite Maids Taking over the Role of Parents, Papers

Saturday, May 2, 2020

Financial Accounting Assessment Of Sunshine LTD †Free Samples

Question: Discuss About The Financial Accounting Of Sunshine Assessment? Answer: Introduction The issue that would be discussed in the report deals with a large departmental store situated in Australia. In the report, there would be an assessment of financial accounting of an Australian company. The company has a properly defined ethics for its business and practices a definite and individualized strategy for running the business smoothly. As regards the accounting responsibilities of the company, it adopted the straight-line method for calculation of depreciation of its assets. As a result of using this depreciation method, the company witnessed a commendable increase in the profits, as recorded in the year 2015. But, for the next financial year, the method adopted in calculation of depreciation underwent a change from the straight line to the sum of years digits method (Berk and DeMarzo, 2012). This decision was taken considering the fact that this change would be more beneficial to the company for that financial year. The expectations of those involved in the management of the company following the profit enhancement in the previous year. In the opinion of great economic analyzers and strategists like the economist, inventive steps such as the change of depreciation method would sufficiently boost the profits in the years to come. According to the standard accounting principles, the constituents of the financial statement of Sunshine Ltd are the equity, profits, reliabilities of assets and the available capital. The board of directors and the management together has the responsibility to take over the leadership and supervision of the growth in marketing opportunities for the company. Most importantly they are responsible for presentation of the financial report (Bhimani and Dai, 2008). The governing body or the administrative body is concerned with the company's efficient operation and protection of shareholder rights as well as their value enhancement. The change of the method practiced for calculating depreciation gave rise to an imbalance in the model for cost and that for revolution included in AASB16. Also, the stockholders are disillusioned and unsatisfied with this change and may possibly resort to legal proceedings against the company too. Present financial condition of the company Statements dealing with compliance on financial matters that are in accordance with the financial statements of Sunshine Ltd have been designed by the Australian secretarial standards. The report published by the Queensland Treasury depicted minimum supplies of financial systems and a few other pronouncements that are reliable. With respect to the non-profitable statutory bodies applicable for non-profitable entities, the standard methods and the definitions compete with Australian accounting methods (Bodnar and Hopwood, 2013). The new rules or amendments made in the monetary matters have not yet been adopted explicitly. The equal opportunities and liabilities in the Coast Hospital of Sunshine Ltd include in some cases all expenses, values of property and revenues. An accounting that can be adjusted is required at the end of a financial year. The particular department offered financial support within a fortnight after being requested. Some transactions, as well as balances, have not been included in the documents containing the financial statements. It is a criterion for measuring the extent to which the operations are trustable with respect to accounts. Some of the other liabilities such as property and others are included in statements relating to accounting positions and notes on them. Others fall within the confidential status in the form of non-current data. Property falls under investments and that for cultural practices are evaluated with respect to present values after reports with expected provisions (Bragg, 2013). The assets kept for fulfilling cultural objectives, preserving the valuable heritage and those used as equipment in manufacturing plants are evaluated in terms of fair values. A few of the recorded liabilities and also some proceeds at a standard value given for acquiring material goods are accepted as satisfactory debt in the usual business proceedings. Ethics and governance of the company Having some authorization of punishment law is the inner power of a self-governing Governance company. Officially authorized processor servants observing by the private-public are done by the Governance. The wealthy life is against any action of any state. That system is acceptable as fair and right to help or maintain the countrys legal system, which leads people intelligent participatory. The behavior of ethical is a responsible of each in the society that they are supported well-organized better social host (Holton, 2012). Forcing into some situation provides an inducement that was considered as necessary to some immunity who might be the giver backhander. Executing in his task and action will mainly leading to the improved system of governance, but in order of behavior, such official will go faster with some better management. Legal communities arise to make an arrangement or some contract that must have to create legal obligations or some intentions that will be developed by som e social contract which is the vast enforcement which culminates into some contract (Horngren, 2011). Multiparty Agreements are intended to some faceplate to some trade agreements of aim into some reducing level that is liberalized or a phased manner. Some benefits of the increasing value of commerce are to regulate and provides with all parties. By technology or some computer information expansion of software, communication has changed the lifestyle almost so the gear of business processing that are under processing with some of the lots of rate advantages to the severe parties. Role that Accountants Play in Changing the Depreciation Method The concerned authority dealing in revenue services in the country sets guidelines which determine the depreciable lifetime of the fixed assets. The different methods adopted for reduction affect the balance sheet and assets in a variety of ways. The reduction can be described in simple terms as the expense that is required for businesses having fixed amount of assets. The depreciation method that is chosen by any company affects the statement of income as well as the value of the property as given on the balance sheet (Horngren, 2013). The assets here are considered as excluding land. In this case, the company Sunshine Ltd had decided to change the depreciation method from the straight line to sum-of-digits' years. As to as direct those profits in the year 2018 and 2019, the company's objective was to reduce the benefits during the next biennium, when there is a chance of an economic slowdown. For this purpose, the company had approached the accountant Maria Mars. In other words, Ma ria changed the pace of accumulation of the depreciation, which in turn affected the assets carrying value. Applying an accelerated methods of reduction would be suitable in this case, and Maria did exactly so. The method of depreciation called straight line method is characterized by the same expense in depreciation throughout the period when the asset is useful. The result is the reduction percentage of the property during each year. For instance, if the fixed asset were supposed to last for five years, the depreciation value would be calculated by adding the digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and then diving each number by the sum i.e. 15 (Kew and Watson, 2012). This is a signal for some changes in the principle of accounting followed by the company. As a result of the change from straight line to accelerated method, there was a shift in accounting estimate of the depreciation of all assets. Significant Aspects of the Financial Statements For the incensement of the business confident in the year of 2015, the company wanted to go through the reversal process in the condition of the infrastructure. These issues had an impact on the annual financial presentation of the company Sunshine Ltd (Mott, 2008). For the opportunities of business, and employability, the growth of the companys financial condition was contributed by the regional project of the company. The company was interested in investing in several sectors like universities, entertainment, hospitals, and in the airports also. In the year of 2014, there were identified many funding resources, and many highly valued employees are found who had a great contribution to making a milestone of the company (Libby, Libby and Short, 2014). Many projects are found to be completed in the next years like power generation, water treatment, and storage, infrastructure related projects, water well, plants for oil and so on. At the end of the year of 2016, the company Sunshine Ltd had to face a huge decrease in economy. The different organization had been done many agreements for investing their shares. A group named Bright Hope had already contributed their shares which were bought by the company Sunshine Ltd. At the beginning of the year 2017, the company had done many agreements in return for payment (Rosen, 2005). Through the various agreements, the company tried to enhance and revalued their capital assets. During March 2017 they have introduced the assessment of the funds and the income. Sometimes they revised their funds for the incensement of some particular product like Bitumen. Effects on stockholders and AASB16 of the changing of depreciation method For the sustainability of the performance of the company the stakeholders always try to contribute a significant part of their investments. The stakeholders and the employees always should have a payment as a part of the success of the company. The valuable advice for the improvements of the performances of the company is always offered by their stakeholders and their employees. The company always tries to achieve their goal by the affecting stakeholder management, adopting few strategies and influencing their employees in different factors. The change of the depreciation method has a huge impact on their stakeholders (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). The changing of depreciation method can be the reason of the change of the income and the balance record. So it affects the overall financial performance of the company. The shareholders become worried about the changing financial programs of the company, so they want to take some steps and advised the company for the better financia l result in future. The stakeholders of the company Sunshine Ltd become interested in the change from straight to the sum of years' depreciation method (Waterston, 2006). The stakeholders were assured that by the application of the sum of years' method can be profitable for the company in coming few years. AASB16 set the accounting standard of the country and helps in the implementation of the decision. Intention of the changing of the depreciation method The accounting process straight-line depreciation method was the first accounting process of the company which was profitable for them till 2015. It was known by the record of the financial report of 2015. The expectations of the managements become increased day by day from the company. As per the opinion of the economist, the report of 2018-2019 can show a great fall for the effect of the markets of the coming years. As per the request of the accountant the management takes the decision to change the straight line depreciation method to the sum-of-years digit method for at least one year for more profit (Wolf, 2010). For the profit of the company the Sunshine Ltd includes the changing of the straight line depreciation method to the sum-of-years digit method which can be profitable for the upcoming few years. As the result of adopting this strategy when the companies will have a loss running the business, then this company will achieve the first position in the market of Australia. T o gain more profit was the main target to changing the accounting process from straight line depreciation method to sum of years method. Recommendations The recommendations that can be provided in this case of the Sunshine ltd are provided in the following points:- The straight line depreciation method undertaken by the company must be used for the betterment of the structure. The sum-of-years digit method is being used for showing the appropriate calculation of the process for the purpose of showing the running loss of the company and also the recovery can be easily made by implementing this method. Conclusion The economic report of 2015-2016, it was noticed that the company Sunshine Ltd was the second highest performing company in the Queensland of Australia. In 2014 Sunshine Ltd gave the highest level of business to the west area of the Queensland with the profit of 56%. In 2015 the profit increased 15.6% by the income of the last years. Many key issues like alternative funding sources, proper investment plan, making good marketing strategies are significantly prioritized by the company's progress report. For getting more profit, the company should adopt a policy by changing the straight line depreciation method to the sum of years digit method. This strategy was completely agreed by the accountant and the economist of the company Sunshine Ltd (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). Through this process, the company can achieve the top position in the market. To achieve the long-term goal for 2033, the company should prioritize their partners and their stakeholders and adopt more strategies which can be profitable for the company. References Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2012).Corporate finance. Harlow: Prentice Hall/Financial Times. Bhimani, A. and Dai, T. (2008).Management and cost accounting. Harlow: Prentice Hall/Financial Times. Bodnar, G. and Hopwood, W. (2013).Accounting information systems. Boston: Prentice Hall. Bragg, S. (2013).Accounting best practices, seventh edition. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Horngren, C. (2011).Cost accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Horngren, C. (2013).Accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Horngren, C. (2013).Financial accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Kew, J. and Watson, A. (2012).Financial accounting. Cape Town: Oxford University Press. Libby, R., Libby, P. and Short, D. (2014).Financial accounting. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Education. Mott, G. (2008).Accounting fro Non-Accountants (7th Edition). London, GBR: Kogan Page, Limited. Rosen, H. (2005).Public finance. Boston, Mass. [u.a.]: McGraw-Hill. Schroeder, R., Clark, M. and Cathey, J. (2011).Financial accounting theory and analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Waterston, C. (2006).Financial Accounting. Pearson Education UK. Wolf, M. (2010).Fixing global finance. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Monday, March 23, 2020

Human Diversity an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Human Diversity by Expert Dr. Mart (Ph.D.) | 20 Dec 2016 Human persity is often associated with differences between people, and is oftentimes accounted for the oppression and injustice that is happening in our society today. This becomes a basis of judging persons character, depending on the group of people that they belong. The different characters include a persons race, nationality, culture or ethnicity, gender, social class, sexual preference, religion and more. But these traits are just superficial, and are not very significant regarding the topic of human persity. There are a lot of other differences that can be considered and these traits are far more important in gaining knowledge regarding the concept of human persity. Need essay sample on "Human Diversity" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The matter that we should consider important regarding this topic should be related to a persons growth and character development. This includes his personality, preference, interests, needs, abilities, skills and capabilities, ideas and more. The persons differences should not lead to disparity between other groups of people, thus it should be seen or be recognized as a unique character, a source of inpiduality and not of indifference. People should be able to live with these differences rather than fighting each other asserting that one is superior or inferior to the other. Coping with the presence of other different culture is an important matter that people should consider. Although there are really unique qualities or differences between other people, it should be respected, as well as expecting others to respect ones differences also ("Race - the Power of an Illusion"). Instead of finding faults from others difference, people should consider how they will be able to make use of these differences. They should learn from each others different characteristics rather than asserting what you believed is ultimately what others should believe also, and that differences of people would surely lead to hostility and misunderstandings. This is the full realization of these differences: being to live with other person who possesses different characteristics. The human race The human race is a term that is used to describe various populations or groups of people which are distinguished by various sets of characteristics and beliefs, and comes from the same ancestors. Usually, the human race is based on what seem to be are visible characteristics or traits of people like their skin color, hair color, or facial structure and features. According to Barbujani, in classical human genetic or physical anthropology textbooks, races are envisaged as large populations of inpiduals who evolved together, share a significant fraction of their genes, hence can be distinguished from other races by their gene pool or by different alleles fixed in each (Barbujani). These races are clearly separated or delineated by various borders related to variations which are biological. There are various ways that leads to the occurrence of these races. One of these ways is when reproductive barriers form because of isolation; genetic drift and internal variations when alleles which are lost are havent been able to be introduced by the gene flow. This leads to the pergence of the different groups, wherein different alleles becomes lost inside each groups, which results to mutations occurring in the groups. Because of pergence, groups will soon develop and be able to generate several genetic discontinuities, thus creating boundaries between the various groups of people. Another way to create variations is when different groups on the other hand converge with each other, thus recombining various genes. These results to exchanging important or substantial amount of difference in the gene flow of these groups (Barbujani). Classifying people There are various types and characteristics if human beings. They have no definite size or shape, and that when you classify them into groups; it is inevitable to consider their social status, their cultural ideas, and political priorities. According to Bulbeck, et al, from early historical times, people of widely perse origins were brought together through trade and conquest (Bulbeck, Raghavan and Rayner). There were various schemes that have been used to characterize human beings before, and it was more on the physical basis. The most common way was to classify skin color of people, but eventually, early European scholars devised a way on how to formalize the taxonomies of the human races. Later in the twentieth century, people have recognized a way in order to determine ones race, and it was more on the physical anthropology concept. Because of this, several themes have emerged, thus leading to variations on making certain classifications of the human race. These themes are summarized as follows: the integration of a broad array of biological indicators, approaches on the clinical patterns which concerns human variation, the packaging of various indigenous human variations on continuous blocs concerning geography, and the search for the fossil records of the ancestors of these races (Yotova). In the late 20th century, researchers were able to devise a more refined knowledge of human variation, genes and studies about genetics, and the fossil records. This had led to pisions in the different perceptions of humanity in these various races (Bulbeck, Raghavan and Rayner). In order to categorize the different types of human beings, there are various concerns that need to be considered. Different people fall in different groups as one change the criteria of the classification, thats why we should stick in one criteria rather than changing it constantly (Mamiya). When it comes to biology, people doesnt necessarily inherit a trait, instead he gets it independently. A specific trait of a person doesnt tell what kind of person he is as a whole. When putting this in the context of race characteristics, a trait shown by a single entity doesnt generally mean that all the members of the population should follow. Another is to point that classification of a person is more in a cultural sense than scientific. He is classified not because of his genes, his gene pool, or any other biological concern. It is more of a culture-based classifier, wherein it includes his social status, character, and more ("Race - the Power of an Illusion"). Also, there are a lot of loopholes or gaps between various groups of people. There is no single, unifying gene that would signify that persons race from another. This is accounted for by the nature of classification of people as more of the cultural alignment than biological or scientific. Categories are more socially constructed, thus there are a lot of inconsistencies in these various groups defined. Summary In todays society, there are a lot of different groups of people living together. Cultural disparities between these groups cannot be avoided, but still they are regarded as an important aspect of the society. There are various factors that led to the occurrence of these groups. The persity in human beings proves to be of great importance in todays world since it is a means of sharing of knowledge from one culture to another. Interactions between these cultures mean enriching the minds of the people, and adding more persity on our already-perse society. References: Barbujani, Guido. "Human Races: Classifying People Vs. Understanding persity." Current Genomics Vol. 6.Issue 4 (2005): p215-26, 12p. Bulbeck, David, Pathmanathan Raghavan, and Daniel Rayner. "Races of Homo Sapiens: If Not in the Southwest Pacific, Then Nowhere." World Archaeology Vol. 38. Issue 1 (2006): p109-32, 24p. "Race - the Power of an Illusion". 2006. California Newreel. April 24 2007. http://www.pbs.org/race/000_General/000_00-Home.htm>. Mamiya, L. H. "Being Human: Race, Culture, and Religion." Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries Vol. 43.Issue 7 (2006): p1243-44, 2p. Yotova, Vania, et al. "Haplotypes in the Dystrophin DNA Segment Point to a Mosaic Origin of Modern Human persity." American Journal of Human Genetics Vol. 73.Issue 5 (2003): p994-1015, 22p.

Friday, March 6, 2020

What You Need to Know About the Crusades

What You Need to Know About the Crusades The medieval Crusade was a holy war. For a conflict to be officially considered a Crusade, it had to be sanctioned by the pope and conducted against groups seen as enemies of Christendom. Initially, only those expeditions to the Holy Land (Jerusalem and associated territory) were considered Crusades. More recently, historians have also recognized campaigns against heretics, pagans, and Muslims in Europe as Crusades. How the Crusades Began For centuries, Jerusalem had been governed by Muslims, but they tolerated Christian pilgrims because they helped the economy. Then, in the 1070s, Turks (who were also Muslim) conquered these holy lands and mistreated Christians before realizing how useful their goodwill (and money) could be. The Turks also threatened the Byzantine Empire. Emperor Alexius asked the pope for assistance, and Urban II, seeing a way to harness the violent energy of Christian knights, made a speech calling for them to take back Jerusalem. Thousands responded, resulting in the First Crusade. When the Crusades Began and Ended Urban II made his speech calling for Crusade at the Council of Clermont in November, 1095. This is seen as the start of the Crusades. However, the reconquista of Spain, an important precursor to crusading activity, had been going on for centuries. Traditionally, the fall of Acre in 1291 marks the end of the Crusades, but some historians extend them to 1798, when Napoleon expelled the Knights Hospitaller from Malta. Crusader Motivations There were as many different reasons for crusading as there were crusaders, but the single most common reason was piety. To crusade was to go on pilgrimage, a holy journey of personal salvation. Whether that also meant giving up virtually everything and willingly facing death for God, bending to peer or family pressure, indulging bloodlust without guilt, or seeking adventure or gold or personal glory depended entirely on who was doing the crusading. Who Went on Crusade People from all walks of life, from peasants and laborers to kings and queens, answered the call. Women were encouraged to give money and stay out of the way, but some went on crusade anyway. When nobles crusaded, they often brought huge retinues, whose members may not necessarily have wanted to go along. At one time, scholars theorized that younger sons more frequently went crusading in search of estates of their own; however, crusading was an expensive business, and recent research indicates it was lords and elder sons who were more likely to crusade. The Number of Crusades Historians have numbered eight expeditions to the Holy Land, though some lump the 7th and 8th together for a total of seven crusades. However, there was a steady stream of armies from Europe to the Holy Land, so it is nearly impossible to distinguish separate campaigns. In addition, some crusades have been named, including the Albigensian Crusade, the Baltic (or Northern) Crusades, the Peoples Crusade, and the Reconquista. Crusader Territory Upon the success of the First Crusade, the Europeans set up a king of Jerusalem and established what is known as the Crusader States. Also called outremer (French for across the sea), the Kingdom of Jerusalem controlled Antioch and Edessa, and it was divided into two territories since these places were so far-flung. When ambitious Venetian merchants convinced warriors of the Fourth Crusade to capture Constantinople in 1204, the resulting government was referred to as the Latin Empire, to distinguish it from the Greek, or Byzantine, empire they had claimed. Crusading Orders Two important military orders were established in the early 12th century: the Knights Hospitaller and the Knights Templar. Both were monastic orders whose members took vows of chastity and poverty, yet they were also militarily trained. Their primary purpose was to protect and aid pilgrims to the Holy Land. Both orders did very well financially, particularly the Templars, who were notoriously arrested and disbanded by Philip IV of France in 1307. The Hospitallers outlasted the Crusades and continue, in a much-altered form, to this day. Other orders were established later, including the Teutonic Knights. Impact of the Crusades Some historians particularly Crusades scholars consider the Crusades the single most important series of events in the Middle Ages. The significant changes in the structure of European society that took place in the 12th and 13th centuries were long considered the direct result of Europes participation in the Crusades. This view no longer holds as strongly as it once did. Historians have recognized many other contributing factors in this complex time. Yet there is no doubt the Crusades contributed greatly to changes in Europe. The effort of raising armies and providing supplies for Crusaders stimulated the economy; trade benefited, as well, especially once the Crusader States were established. Interaction between the East and West affected European culture in areas of art and architecture, literature, mathematics, science and education. And Urbans vision of directing the energies of warring knights outward succeeded in reducing war within Europe. Having a common foe and common objective, even for those who didnt participate in the Crusade, fostered a view of Christendom as a united entity.   This has been a very basic introduction to the Crusades. For a better understanding of this extremely complex and greatly-misunderstood topic, please explore our Crusades Resources or read one of the Crusades Books recommended by your Guide.

Tuesday, February 18, 2020

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 28

Economics - Essay Example An isocost line is a line showing combinations of inputs that would yield the same cost. Therefore, the word isocost implies that the cost of the given factors of production are constant along the certain activity level and thus can be used for the planning and decision making purposes. In the above figure, L denotes the amount of labor utilized by the producer and K denotes the amount of capital utilized by the producer. It is evident from the figure that along the line the cost of both of the factors of production is same and the total cost of production is also shown on the graph for different cost lines. With the help of isocost lines, most economic and cost beneficial decision can be made for getting the desired output. This graph also shows that isocost lines are the straight lines and the only different in them is that they shift up or down the graph showing the same pattern for different activity levels. These isocost lines are parallel because each reflects the same relative resource price. Given a  production function, an isoquant is "the locus of input combinations that yield the same output level." (Chiang, p. 360) There is an isoquant set for each possible output level. Mathematically the isoquant is a  level curve of the production function. Isoquants is a concept relating to the quantity of input required to produce a certain level of output. For a given level of output, there are certain levels of input of production factors that yield the same level of output. If the ratio of two or more of the factors of production is changed then the resulting yield of those input factors can be same for all of the combinations of factors. This implies that the concept of isoquant deals primarily with the cost minimization problems of producers. The above figure shows different levels of labor and capital required to produce a certain output of a particular product and the curve shows that different combinations of input resources can be made to

Tuesday, February 4, 2020

Why And How Was Neo-Liberalism Able To Establish Itself As The Essay

Why And How Was Neo-Liberalism Able To Establish Itself As The Dominant Paradigm In The 1980s - Essay Example (Tyvela, 2004, p.156) Even Communist China was at the forefront of the global neo-liberal program, making it only a matter of time before other countries joined the system. And this is precisely what had happened in the 1980s and continues to this day. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in the late 1980s and the shift in policy framework of several developing countries, the nature and complexion of geo-economics had taken a different form. Major financial institutions such as International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank and the Inter- American Development Bank were the chief promoters of the neoliberal project. The neoliberal system also possessed some inherently democratic values such as the emphasis on free-trade and offered equal economic opportunity for those who are enterprising. This made it easy for many fledgling and aspiring democratic countries in the developing world to adopt the system. Moreover, the prospect of creating prosperity and the potential for lifting st andards of living convinced politicians to take this approach. Nothing exemplifies the merits of neoliberalism than the recent developments in India and China. Since they started to participate in financial globalization, countries with abundance of cheap labour such as India and China are destined to assume leadership position in coming years. (Foulkes, 2006, p.22)

Sunday, January 26, 2020

Why the price of computers keep falling despite increasing demand

Why the price of computers keep falling despite increasing demand Introduction Now a day, computers are the main source of connectivity among people. The major share of work i.e., college assignments, teaching lessons, work presentations are mostly dependent on the computers. And also doing a long distant chat for almost free, computer or information technology has enabled human being in coming out with the speedy solutions of almost everything. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer) A personal computer (PC) be can any general-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and original sales price make it useful for individuals, and which is intended to be operated directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator. Personal computers Software applications include word processing, spreadsheets, databases, Web browsers and e-mail clients, games, and myriad personal productivity and special-purpose software. Modern personal computers often have high-speed or dial-up connections to the Internet, allowing access to the World Wide Web and a wide range of other resources. In the free market condition the price of a product will be determined by the demand and the market supply of computers. In a market, Supply and demand is an economic model of price determination. It concludes that in a competitive market, price will function to equalize the quantity demanded by consumers, and the quantity supplied by producers, resulting in an economic equilibrium of price and quantity. If we look at computer market, the demand is keep on increasing and also at the same time the market supply also increasing. According to the law of demand and supply, when the demand is increased, the price goes up the free market. But in this particular computer market, demand is growing but, the price comes down gradually. That is the question of this assignment and, in this piece of work I am going to discuss the best possible reasons to that behavior. http://www.channelweb.co.uk/crn/news/2258012/uk-business-pc-market-decline In this assignment it will be discussed and analyzed the following topics. Explanation for why the price of personal computers has continued to fall even in the face of increasing demand. Conclusion Background Computer Market The UK personal computer market in 2008 was worth 12.81bn at end-user prices, an increase of 4.2% over 2007 and its highest level of output since 2000. However, it led to a fall of 8.2% in sales to 11.77bn during the recession in 2009. During the period from 2005 to 2008 personal computers (PCs) reported a higher annual growth, whereas peripherals and add-ons declined in total value sales. Therefore it was led to a negative growth of 3.3% over the period. In the consumer market, the better performance of PCs over the period, particularly, is attributed to sales of portables and particularly net books in the past year. Mobile computing is continuing to drive net book sales. Desktop computers have become less attractive and are in decline with more portables now being sold than desktops. Manufactures are expecting a rebound in sales in 2010 and full recovery by 2011 with positive. The principal analyst Ranjit Atwal at Gartner says The UK market for computers showed growth in Q4 for the first time this year. According to him, 70 per cent of the total PC market in the UK has also become heavily dependent on mobile PCs. The percentage of the UK market share Acer held on to the top spot in the UK with 19.1 per cent market share, HP held the second with 18.9 per cent. Dell was the third with 16.5 per cent, followed by Toshiba and Samsung with 10.4 per cent and 6.5 per cent respectively. He added that the total UK market [in terms of shipments] in Q4 was 3.8 million units. Even in the Western Europe Acer held 23.1 per cent of the market. HP was second again with 21.3 per cent, Dell was third with 9.9 per cent and Asus and Toshiba took fourth and fifth place with eight per cent and 6.2 per cent market share respectively. There is a significant growth in vendors such as Apple, Samsung, Lenovo and Sony also putting significant pressure on the top five vendors in Western Europe. Research has found that the UK computer market continued to struggle in 2009s closing quarter as western European counterparts return to growth. Market watcher IDC preliminary figures reveal that UK personal computer shipments in Q4 fell 1.7 per cent annually to 3.8 million. Notebook shipments were up 2.3 percent year on year to 2.9 million, while the desktop market slumped 12.8 per cent, with 878,000 units shipped. The emerging markets were collapsed when the crisis came, but now they are back to double digit growth. Likewise we observed that the market for the computers is expanding day by day in millions, but the cost of the computers are coming down gradually which is contrarily to the theory of the Demand and Supply. Therefore we are required to examine in deapth that, what are the triggers for such situation in real terms. http://www.mynewsdesk.com/uk/view/pressrelease/research-and-markets-computer- Explanation for why the price of personal computers has continued to fall even in the face of increasing demand. In this particular computer market, we understand that the price of personal computers has continued to fall even in the face of increasingly high demand, which is contrary to the law of demand and supply. That happens mainly because of the competition and increasing efficiency few more other reasons. In this case, Price remains constant or reducing and change in any other determinants causes demand or supply to rise. That results shifts in the demand of supply curves to the right or to left depending on the circumstances. Any other factors can be, Demand side The price of the other product. ie. Substitutes and complements. Income Population Preferences Future price expectations Supply side The price of other product, ie. Price of substitutes and complements The price of factors of production used to produce the computer. (land, labor, capital) Advancements of technologies. No of producers or size of the market. Future expectations. Now we will look at the demand side of the computer market. In the computer market there is a huge growth in demand day by day mostly due to the following reasons.. Price of the other product Substitutes: In todays world, there are no closer substitutes to the computer. People are using high tech mobile phones to do most of their computer related work for example sending and receiving e mails. Still it is not a closer substitute. Therefore the demand is increase and the demand curve is shifted to the right, increasing the price. Please see the diagram below. Complements: price of the complements also becoming lower when compared to the past few decades. In general, a companys strategic interest is going to be to get the price of their complements as low as possible. The lowest sustainable  price would be the commodity price the price that arises when you have a bunch of competitors offering indistinguishable goods. So: The smart companies try to reduce its complements price in order to capture the market. Ex. When IBM designed the PC architecture, they used off-the-shelf parts instead of custom parts, and they carefully documented the interfaces between the parts in the IBM-PC Technical Reference Manual. As long as you match the interface, you can be used in PCs. Within a short time large number of companies started up offering memory cards, hard drives, graphics cards, printers, etc. Cheap add-ins meant more demand for PCs. Please refer the diagram below. Increment in real income The Income of the consumers has been increased. The effect that income has on the amount of a product that consumers are willing and able to buy depends on the type of good were talking about. For most goods, there is a positive (direct) relationship between a consumers income and the amount of the good that one is willing and able to buy. Being considering the computer is a normal good, when income rises the demand for the computers will increase. The higher the level of aggregate and/or personal income, the higher the demand for a typical commodity as a general. Where the income is higher more of a good or service will be chosen at a given price. Thus determinants of demand normally utilize some form of income measure, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP). If you look at the following statistics the real income of the consumers have heen increased. Real household disposable income per head1 and gross domestic product per head2 United Kingdom Index numbers (1971=100) Gross domestic product Household Income 1971 100.0 100.0 1972 103.7 108.3 1973 111.1 115.1 1974 109.7 114.1 1975 109.0 115.0 1976 111.8 114.3 1977 114.5 111.7 1978 118.2 119.8 1979 121.4 126.7 1980 118.8 128.8 1981 117.3 128.4 1982 119.7 128.3 1983 124.1 131.0 1984 127.4 135.9 1985 132.0 140.7 1986 137.3 146.7 1987 143.5 149.2 1988 150.7 157.5 1989 154.2 165.1 1990 155.4 172.6 1991 153.2 176.0 1992 153.4 180.8 1993 156.8 186.2 1994 163.6 188.8 1995 168.5 193.7 1996 173.4 199.7 1997 179.1 208.1 1998 185.6 212.4 1999 192.0 218.5 2000 199.5 227.7 2001 204.5 237.8 2002 208.7 242.6 2003 214.6 249.9 2004 220.5 251.9 2005 225.1 258.9 2006 231.5 262.7 2007 238.5 262.9 1 Adjusted to real terms using the expenditure deflator for the household sector. See Appendix, Part 5: Household income data sources. 2 Adjusted to real terms using the GDP deflator. Source: Office for National Statistics; Government Actuarys Department; General Register Office for Scotland; Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency Therefore, the demand curve for computers has definitely shifted to the right from D1 to D2 reduce to increment in real incomes. Therefore, there has been a rise in their preferences. Please refer the diagram below. http://www.econport.org/content/handbook/Demand/Factors.htmleal 3.3 Consumer Taste, Fashion, Trend and Preferences It is a real fact that all markets are shaped by collective and individual tastes fashion trend, and preferences. These patterns are partly implanted by information and knowledge of products and services and partly shaped by culture, including the influence of advertising. Because of these differences in taste and preferences, different societies use forest products differently. As the mini-notebooks provide better functionality at the lower price points now a days they are becoming more appealing. Mini notebooks are highly demanded and it has become fashion and trend due to consumer preference. If you refer the diagram below, when the demand is increased, the demand curve is shifted to the right increasing the price. Population According to the following table, the population of UK has been increased and as a result the aggregate demand for computers have been increased. Table 1.1 Population1of the United Kingdom Millions 1971 1981 1991 2001 2007 2011 2021 2031 United Kingdom 55.9 56.4 57.4 59.1 61.0 62.8 67.2 71.1 England 46.4 46.8 47.9 49.5 51.1 52.7 56.8 60.4 Wales 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.3 Scotland 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Northern Ireland 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 1 Mid-year estimates for 1971 to 2007; 2006-based projections for 2011 to 2031. See Appendix, Part 1: Population estimates and projections. Source: Office for National Statistics; Government Actuarys Department; General Register Office for Scotland; Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency When the population is increased the demand is increased, the demand is increasing and demand curve shifts to right increasing the price of the computer from P1 to P2. Please refer the diagram. Now we will look at the Supply side of the computers. Reduction of prices of factors in production Production cost is a main criterion in deciding the product price. If input costs decline, firms respond by increasing output. As a result marginal costs are dramatically reduced and consequently supply is increased. Therefore there has been a huge fall in price and quantities traded have been risen dramatically. In the long run, when an industry expands the cost of industry also decreases. As the industry produces more output, the minimum average cost of production for each firm decreases with the decrease in costs. (Economies of scale) The decrease in costs may reflect lower input costs which reduce the minimum point of the average total cost curve as the industry grows. As the industry expands and if there are economies of scale in the production of an important input costs may decline. A decrease in input costs shifts the supply curve to the right from S1 toS2 increasing the Equilibrium quantity from Q1 to Q2. The price will be decreased from P1 to P2. Please refer the above diagram. http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/1.0/introduction-economic-analysis/29486 Advancement in Technology Because of the technological advancement, the computers can be produced at a lower cost when compared to the decades ago. As technology has improved, he price of the computers have declined radically lowering their cost of production. Specially advances in communications technology. http://www.web-books.com/eLibrary/ON/B0/B63/021MB63.html Let us look at another indicator of the phenomenal change in computers. According to Bureau of Labour Statistics, central processing unit (CPU) speed rose 1,263%, system memory increased 1,500%, hard drive capacity soared by 3,700%, and monitor size went up 13%Between 1993 and 1998. Therefore the supply curve shift to right from S1 to S2 by reducing the price from P1 to P2. http://www.web-books.com/eLibrary/ON/B0/B63/021MB63.html The competitive advantage of high-tech laptops and Notebooks Notebook PC /Laptops Various types of notebooks and laptops with different configuration and specifications are manufactured by different companies. The most recognized companies in dealing with laptops are Sony, Vaio, Toshiba, Dell, Fujitsu, Lenovo ect. Priced are depended on configurations. Laptops with general features and lesser configuration are available at cheaper rates and notebooks with higher configuration and extra specifications are bit expensive. The processor may be Intel Dual Core and it may be enabled with widows or vista premium operating system. From one notebook PC to the other the data speed and the RAM capacity varies depending on the configuration. The memory may range from 1GB to 4GB or higher memory. Some laptops are enabled with TV tuner and built-in cameras for extra usage. The capacity of the hard drive varies, starting from 64GB to 500GB. When compared to the desktops, the hard disk and RAM have smaller sizes. There is a better advantage as the laptops Central Processing Unit is produced less heat and also save power. They may be of Intel Core, Core 2 Duo, Premium M, VIA Technologies etc. http://www.articlesbase.com/laptops Following are the most attractive features in the Note books and laptops. LCD display Key board and a touchpad, equivalent of mouse Display primarily ranges from 13 inches to 17 inches Weighs between 1.4 to 5.4 kilograms Thickness ranges between 18-38 mm Comes in folding design Rechargeable batter Removable memory facility which ensures large storage of data Availability of many ports for USB connectivitys Expandable memory cards such as Mini PCI for a large storage of data. Portable, cheap priced, stylish, folding design Both a laptop and notebook have more advantages as they are ultra-portable, durable and they can be used while travelling easily. We can have immediate access and can have our work done instantly and these are always up-to-date, as all files can be saved in a single location. With the help of wireless networks like Wi-Fi and cellular modems, we can access Internet even while on the go. The above mentioned advancements in technology, the computers gets technically better and better as the months ago for the same price, and this will shift the supply curve to the right. Retrieved from http://www.articlesbase.com/laptops-articles/laptop-notebooks-are-best-substitutes-for-our-traditional-computers-745511.html This can be seen in the diagram above. The quantity supplied has raised hugely, from Q1 to Q2.The equilibrium price has fallen from P1 to P2, a fairly large relative drop. 3.7 Expansion of the computer market. Recently more and more computer product chains have been entered to the market and it has led size of the industry grown. When more firms enter a given industry in short, output increases even as the price remains steady. The supply curve is shifted to the right decreasing the price of the product, when industry grows. Following are the main competitors in the UK market. United Kingdom PC Vendors) Company 3Q09 Market Share (%) 3Q08 Market Share (%) Acer 24.2 17.4 Dell Inc. 18.3 20.9 Hewlett-Packard 17.5 19.1 Toshiba 6.5 8.6 Apple Computer 5.0 3.8 Others 28.6 30.2 100.0Total 100.0Note: Data includes desk-based PCs and mobile PCs Source: Gartner (November 2009) . Please refer the diagram. The rapid increase in the number of firms, together with dramatic technological improvements, led to an increase in supply, shifting the supply curve in diagram to the right from S1 to S2. Price is reduced to P1 to P2. CONCLUSION Let us consider the factors those affected to fall in computer price in real terms which resulted both the demand curves and the supply curves led to right shift. Increased preferences due to advanced technology increase in population and the increment in real income, there is a huge increase in demand. And the demand curve shifted to the right from D1 to D2 in the diagram. The price was increased from P1 to P2. Suppliers strive for a greater share of the market by having strategies to gain consumers demand on their product. This is done so by increasing the value of their product. But there has also been a huge shift to the right in the supply curve for computers than the shift in the demand curve. Please refer the diagram above in relation to supply curve. In computer market particularly there are simultaneous shifts of both demand and supply curves. Combining both shifts generates an obvious change in quantity, but a questionable change in price. If an increase in demand increases equilibrium quantity and an increase in supply increases equilibrium quantity, then an increase in both MUST increase equilibrium quantity. In relation to the price, the demand increase (right shifts) results in a higher price, and the supply increase (right shift) leads to a lower price. The price is in determinant and it depends on the relative change of both curves. In the computer market, supply shifts relatively more than demand, therefore the supply induced lower price outweighs the demand-induced higher price, and the price is lower The price change is in determinant and we have to consider the relative change in the supply and the demand curves. Therefore, the exact reason for the question in this assignment is, even though the demand is increasing, the supply is also increasing but, at a rate higher than the demand increasing rate. You can notice in the diagram above, that the supply curve is shifted to the right at a higher rate than the rate at which the demand curve is shifted to the right. Therefore the price reduces from P1 to P2. Therefore, I conclude that the rapid increase in the number of firms, together with dramatic technological improvements, led to an increase in supply. The reason for the fall in equilibrium price that is the answer to the assignment question is market supply is relatively more than the demand and it results a lower price. Reference list Web sights http://www.microsoft.com/uk/business/news, 26, March 2010, 8.15 a.m. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer, 26, March 2010, 8.25 a.m. http://www.channelweb.co.uk/crn/news, 26, March 2010, 9.00 a.m. http://www.econport.org, 26, March 2010, 9.10 a.m. http://www.econport.org, 26, March 2010, 9.40 a.m. http://www.amosweb.com, 26, March 2010, 9.55 a.m. http://www.slideshare.net, 26, March 2010, 1.10 p.m. http://www.flatworldknowledge.com, 26, March 2010, 1.25 p.m. http://www.web-books.com, 27, March 2010, 9.20 a.m. http://www.articlesbase.com, 27, March 2010, 9.30 a.m. http://en.wikipedia.org26, 27March 2010, 11. a.m. htpp://www.microsoft.com/uk/business/news/driving-revenue/UK-PC-sales, 27March 2010, 11. a.m. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4704927.stm Books Parkin, M. 2008 (8th edition) Solman, J. 2007 (2nd edition),Economics, Pages 48-65

Saturday, January 18, 2020

Yemen Strikes May Target Top AL Qaeda Leaders Essay

              Al Qaeda is a global militant Islamist organization founded by the late Osama bin Laden and Abdullah Azzam among other Islamic. It dates back to around August 1988-1989 in Peshwar in Pakistan. Its origins were traced to the Soviet War in Afghanistan. It operated as a network that comprised of both multinational, stateless army and a radical Sunni Muslim revolution. This movement called for global jihad and implemented a strict interpretation of the Sharia laws. It was branded a terrorist organization by major organizations and countries in the world such as the United Nation Security Council, the European Union, NATO, the United States, and the United Kingdom among many other countries.               Al Qaeda functioned both on its own and through some minor terrorist organizations. The organizations that operated under the al Qaeda included Ayman al-Wawahiri’s Egyptian Islamic Jihad which was also known as el Gamaa Islamia. There were also other Jihad groups in countries such as Egypt, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti, Afghanistan, Bosnia, Pakistan, Croatia, Tunisia Lebanon, Albania, Philippines, Azerbaijan, Tajistan and the Hashmiri Region in India and Chechnyan in Russia. AL Qaeda kept cells and personnel in numerous countries to facilitate its operations including Kenya, Tanzania, the United States, Germany, United Kingdome, Malaysia and Canada. â€Å"Al Qaeda has no home base, but maintains cells in different countries in Europe, the Middle East and Southeast Asia† (Zalman) Objectives                  One of the ultimate goals of Al Qaeda was to fight off the United States armed forces out of Saudi Arabian peninsula and Somalia. They issued rulings on Islamic laws indicating that such action was proper and essential. Bin Laden led the AL Qaeda to oppose the United States for various reasons. First, they perceived the United States to have no faith because its governance was not as per their interpretation of the Islamic laws. The second reason was that they regarded the United States as a provider of vital support to â€Å"other infidel† nations and institutions. They particularly branded the Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Israel and finally the United Nations, as enemies of the Islamists organization. Third, Osama Bin Laden greatly contended the participation of the United States armed force in the Gulf war and operation Restore Hope in Somalia in 1991, 1992 and 1993 respectively. Above all, the presence of the American forces in the Saudi Arabian penins ula was with no doubt resented by the al Qaeda. Last but not least, the United States Government’s incredible resentment was owed to the arrest and conviction of the al Qaeda personnel or any member of their affiliate terrorists organizations. For these reasons, Osama Bin Laden led the al Qaeda to declare jihad, holy war, against the United States. He pursued this goal through all means possible. The al Qaeda made attacks on any nations or organizations allied to the United States.                Since 1988, when Al Qaeda was formed, â€Å"the organization has been credited with scores of terror attacks around the globe, which have resulted in the deaths of thousands of people† (National Geographic). Attacks in East Africa                   On 7th August 1998, well planned attacks were made on two American embassies in the East African countries of Kenya and Tanzania. In Tanzania, it is perceived by the authorities that a bomb was planted in a refrigeration truck which was later parked outside the United States embassy. It was unfortunate that these two embassies did not meet the recent strict measures that have been implemented. The attack on the Tanzanian embassy saw 11 people die and 86 more get injured. On the other hand the Kenyan bombing resulted in the deaths of 12 Americans, 213 Kenyan Citizens and had over 5000 casualties. One of AL Qaeda’s leaders, Al Libi, â€Å"was wanted for his alleged role in the deadly 1998 bombings of the two embassies in Africa† (CNN).               The aftermath of this attack was devastating and the United States in conjunction with the Tanzanian government sought to set up a new embassy. The United States impeached Osama Bin Laden as the core perpetrator of the bombing of these embassies. The united stated went ahead to offer a reward for five million dollars for his arrest and conviction.                   The United States government as devastated as it was plotted attacks on Sudan and Afghanistan. On 20th August 1998, the United States attacked Sudan and Afghanistan. It was alleged that the US targeted a chemical weapons producing plant, located in Sudan, with 13 cruise missiles. This only resulted to the deaths of the night guards. There has not been any substantial evidence that supports the attack and therefore it has come under extreme criticism. The attack on Afghanistan consisted of about 75 cruise missiles which targeted three separate terrorists’ camps and strongholds. This attack brought the deaths of 24 people but unfortunately failed in getting Osama Bin Laden. â€Å"The strikes were a response to an imminent threat to the U.S. posed by a terrorist network backed by Osama bin Laden† (CNN). Attacks in Yemen                   This is AL Qaeda’s first ever attack in its course. It is known as the Yemen Hotel Bombing of 1992. On the evening of the 29th of December 1992, a bomb went off at the Gold Mahur Hotel. This happened to be where the United States’ armed forces had been staying on their route to Somalia. Fortunately the troops had already evacuated the hotel at the time of the attack. Undeterred by any circumstances, the AL Qaeda went ahead to plot another attack. They targeted another hotel. They perceived that the American troops were staying in the Aden Movenpick. However, the bomb detonated in the hotel car park, ahead of time for their attack. The explosion led to the death of two Australian tourists. Osama Bin Laden and Mohamed Khan claimed responsibility for these attacks. Attacks in Jordan                In December 1999-2000, there was a plotted attack by the AL Qaeda to attack United States and Israelis tourists who had visited Jordan to celebrate the millennium. Conversely, authorities in Jordan disillusioned the plotted attacks and apprehended and convicted 28 suspects. This plot involved the bombing of the LAX but this was a complete failure for the AL Qaeda since the bomber, known as Ahmed Ressam was apprehended at the US- Canadian border with explosives in his car. The AL Qaeda did not stop at that. They planned an attack on the USS Sullivans on January the third in 2000. This failed because they put too much weight on a small boat that was to bomb the ship. Attack on MV Limburg                   The Limburg was loaded with 397,000 barrels, equated to 63,100 m3, of crude oil from Iran en route to Malaysia. It was attacked in the Gulf of Aden off Yemen where it was to collect another load of crude oil. The Limburg was registered under a French-flag. PETRONAS, a Malaysian petrol firm, had chartered the Limburg. At some distance offshore, a small boat loaded with explosives rammed the tanker on the starboard and detonated. The craft caught fire and estimated 90,000 barrels, equated to 140,000 m3 of crude oil spilled into the ocean. Yemeni authorities apparently claimed that the explosion was caused by an accident. However investigations showed traces of TNT on the wrecked vessel. In the incident one crew member was killed and 12 others were injured. According to BBC, Ahmed al-Darbi confessed to being responsible for this incident.                      The Battle of WanatOn July 13, 2008, AL Qaeda and Taliban guerilla fighters raged war on NATO troops. This occurred near Wanat, a village in Waygal district, in Afghanistan’ province of Nuristan. This battle has been branded â€Å"Black Hawk Down†. It was one of the bloodiest attacks in the war and one of the numerous attacks on remote outposts. In comparison to the preceding ambushes that were executed in a haphazard manner, this was well coordinated and executed. â€Å"American casualties included nine killed and 27 wounded, while four Afghan National Army (ANA) soldiers were wounded† (Terrorists groups). Attacks on the United States                  On Tuesday September 11, 2001 a coordinated series of 4 attacks were launched on the US in the metropolitan area of Washington DC and in New York by the Al-Qaeda, a terrorist group of Islamic religion.                19 Al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four passenger airliners. The purpose of hijacking the planes was so that they could be used for suicide attacks.                  Two of the planes, the United Airline flight 175 and also the American Airliners flight II were crashed into the south and north towers of the world trade center complex in New York City respectively. In two hours the two towers collapsed. The debris from the buildings and the fires partly of completely caused the collapse of the buildings in the world trade center complex and also caused damage to another ten large surrounding structures. The Rise                  The affliction of AL Qaeda on global is seemingly a long standing affair. Its beginning goes back decades to the modern-day establishment and conversion of a non-state armed group that has made it its purpose to create exceptional regional and international changes based on unnecessary use of brutal force for political motives. Apart from prompting domestic and foreign crises, the AL Qaeda focused specifically in adapting and prospering open-endedly as it sought new approaches. All along, it is in this perspective that the growth of AL Qaeda was planned for. This was a preordained way for the group to ensure it growth regardless of any setbacks from the very beginning. This isolated it from preceding and successive Islamists groups. On the other hand, traditional Islamist factions started to institute themselves through religious preaching, political sermons and particularly through networks of domestic social amenities.                   The first incarnation of AL Qaeda was to act as a welfare provider originating in the reinter state, Arabian Gulf. On the other hand its purpose was to apparently fight the Soviet Union in the 1980s, Jihad. The superiority of this underlying principle did not translate to a sudden halt of an unsatisfied local aim but somewhat the domestic contention to spill out to the external parties. From the perspective of a failed Arab and Islamic nation building, this faction sprang forth as a project with the combination of religion and politics. I was built upon: Relocation of authority; Outwitting the state; And the belligerent empowerment of a non-state actor.                  If in the beginning the swift propagation of the five regional depictions of the Al Qaeda were questionable, an added suggestion of the organization’s inspiring global reach and its ability to function in multiple nations long after War on Terror had been declared against it, it progressively occurred that the regional affiliates were significantly at variance and their link to the mother Al Qaeda was in some way unsubstantiated.                   Although in its first fifteen years it had been able to develop globally against vital odds; for each tactical loss, the Al Qaeda earned a strategic gain. This was demonstrated by: Retreating in Afghanistan but advancing in Iraq; Restricted leadership but had proliferating contacts; Abridged physical mobility but had global impact; Additional enemies but expanding recruits. The fall                  In the period between 2006 and 2011, AL Qaeda’s leadership had changed into a self-commandment, in due course offering only political, religious and military commentary, and not operational orders. Taking everything into account, what can be interpreted as a regionalization strategy of the Al Qaeda mixed up the global representation of the organization. The required elasticity the group embraced, partially voluntarily, partially as a way to adjust to the impending international anti-terrorism campaign, brought about an ever-growing distance with the already liberated divisions.                  Osama Bin Laden’s vanishing from Al Qaeda and also the War on Terror scene, for that reason, signified the end of the reign of the original faction established in Afghanistan. This opened a new chapter in which the regional authorizations will further sanction their existing independence. In so doing they will bestow the conflict with a new arrangement by diminishing terrorism among nations. War on Terror                  Previous efforts to put an end to this menace were somehow unsuccessful until May 2, 2011. O this day, a team of U.S Navy Seals with the help of the United States intelligence located the AL Qaeda leader Osama Bin Laden. He was found in Abbottabad in Pakistan, 31 Miles from Islamabad where he met his demise. On June 16 the same year, Ayman al-Zawahiri succeeded Osama Bin Laden but the fight against terror continues.                The war against terror is a global war. There have been numerous efforts to curb the AL Qaeda menace. The United States has shown great dedication in trying to bring justice to the crimes committed by this faction, the Al Qaeda. These efforts have included several military actions by the United States armed forces and other allied nations and institutions like the UK and the United Nations. Presently, there are ongoing various military operations against this terrorist faction. This operation either targets the faction directly or the affiliates of this faction such as the Al Shabaab in Somalia. Many countries have joined the war against terrorism. For example, according to Fox News, the Iraqi Government has announced that it is offensive on AL Qaeda. Yemen is also said to be targeting top AL Qaeda leaders, as Stated by CNN reporters, Jamjoom and Smith, write.                   The United States government has greatly contributed the gradual fall that AL Qaeda is undergoing. Military action is seemingly the way to go since these terrorists seem not to the get the hang of diplomacy. Presently, â€Å"prompted in part by a recent video that showed Al Qaeda leaders in Yemen openly taunting the United States, the CIA launched lethal drone strikes†(Dilanian). According to ABC News, even after two years when the United States withdrew its troops from Iraq, the US is still aid the Iraqi government to fight off the AL Qaeda faction. References Al Qaeda. Answers, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. AL Qaeda Attacks: A Chronology. National Geographic, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Battle of Wanat 2008. Terrorist Groups, 8 Apr. 2008. Web. 26 Apr. 2014 Fast facts: The embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania. CNN, 6 Oct. 2013. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Guantanamo prisoner al-Darbi admits MV Limburg Attack. BBC, 20 Feb. 2014. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Jamjoom, Mohammed and Smith, Matt. Yemen Strikes May Target Top AL Qaeda Leaders. CNN, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. US Assisting Iraq in Fight Against Al Qaeda 2 Years After Troops Withdraw. ABC NEWS, 23 Jan. 2014. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.Zalman, Amy. Al Qaeda: Profile of Al Qaeda. About, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Source document

Friday, January 10, 2020

Pandora Internet Radio Essay

One of my favorite radio medians is Pandora Internet Radio. I enjoy Pandora for the simple fact of variety there over a 700,000 songs in the database. There are many great radio stations out there. However, after awhile they continue to cycle through the same songs over and over. With Pandora the listeners can suggest specific artists, or genres of music, or a comedian and Pandora not only plays that artist, but artist that are similar to them through that station. Through the Music Genome Project, a team of musician-analysts listens to songs. They study the details of the song to compile a list of artist with similar sounds to create the different playlists. As a member of Pandora you are allowed to create up to a 100 unique â€Å"stations.† (Pandora, 2013) Pandora’s mission statement: â€Å"We believe in the value of music and have a profound respect for those who create it. We like all kinds of music, from the most obtuse bebop, to the most tripped-out drum n bass, to the simplest catchy pop tune. Our mission is to help you connect with the music YOU love† (Pandora, 2013). Pandora has a single mission and that is to play music the listeners will love. They have added comedy to target listeners who enjoy standup comedy and lighten their day with a laugh (Pandora, 2013). I have an app on my phone and can listen to Pandora wherever I am. I plug my phone into speakers and listen to Pandora everyday. I did further research on the about Pandora page on Thursday March 28th. When entering the Pandora site, the first thing you will notice is the blue screen with Pandora written across it in white. That screen then brings you to their home page. The logo is the name Pandora that can be found in the upper left hand corner of the screen. According to the 22 Immutable Laws of Branding, blue is the color of leadership and is used to communicate stability (Ries, 2002). Under the law of shapes the rectangle is the most preferred shape is more of an eye catcher than the other shapes. The logo in the app store is a white square with a blue uppercase P and Pandora written underneath it in blue as well. Pandora means â€Å"all gifted† in Greek, Pandora received many gifts from the God’s including the gift of music (Pandora, 2013). Tim Westergren, a long time musician started Savage Beast Technologies in 1999, later on launching Pandora in 2005. One of the main competitors is iHeart Radio; iHeart offers there listeners to not only find artists, but also allows them to look up radio stations from around the United States. The iHeart logo is a lower case I with a satellite around it shaped as a heart in white and the background color is red (iHeart, 2013). Slacker Radio is another competitor of Pandora. Slacker is an interactive radio that also allows the listener to chose an artists, or specific genre of music and creates a playlist according to music choice. The logo for Slacker is an orange circle with white wings with a white uppercase S that looks like a tilted music note in the middle of the circle (Slacker, 2013). Pandora uses a Wordmark logo; iHeart and Slacker both use a Pictorial Mark to display their different brands. As a customer of DirecTv I received a newsletter in the mail informing me that there was a Pandora app on DirecTv. Although I already have an account that I can listen to on my phone or computer, I was unaware that there was an app through DirecTv. This advertisement strategy was a great idea and I immediately followed the steps to get Pandora on my television. Pandora can be located on over 200 consumer electronic devices varying from smart-phones to TV’s to set-top boxes to Blu-ray players and is able to stream visual audio, and interactive advertising to computers. There interactive advertising extends from computers, smart-phones, iPads, in-home connected devices and even cars. While a song is playing there are artist biographies and discographies. They also offer lyrics to many of the songs. There is an email sign up to receive alerts whenever Pandora Media, Inc. post new information and updates. There is a thumb’s up and down button at the bottom of the page for listeners to like or dislike the songs they are listening to. Pandora offers a sense of community through users profile pages. Under the profile page listeners can follow other Pandora members similar to a Twitter page. The music feed allows listeners to see what others are creating or listening to for stations. This is a great place for listeners to broaden the music they listen to by seeing what others like. There are many underground bands and artists that have not reached the mainstream that have their music through Pandora. The target market of Pandora is everyone who enjoys music no matter age, gender, or preferred genre. The target customer listens to music at home, gym, or while in the car. With such a large variety of music, everyone can enjoy listening to Pandora. There is music for children all the way up to the elderly. Pandora wants to satisfy everyone. The iPhone 5 users have a few more features through Pandora there are more sharing options located on the screen, to allow users to share their music with Facebook and Twitter. The original Pandora is a free app they however do have options to upgrade for $3.99 to listen without commercials. Pandora recently partnered up with Chrysler’s Uconnect Access, this allows Pandora users to sync their favorite radio stations and listen through the radio in the car. This partnership brings Pandora up to 20 US automotive brands (Yeung, 2013). Pandora has Facebook and Twitter accounts to interact and keep listeners updated on new information and the latest apps they offer. There is also the updated email alerts. The Pandora app is available through all apps stores, and in 2008 Pandora became one of the most consistently downloaded apps in the Apple store (Pandora, 2013). Today Pandora offers many different apps many are free and others do need to paid for.